中药复方体内抗内毒素实验研究

目的：对91味中药及复方进行体内抗内毒素试验研究。方法：将筛选到的以牡丹皮、贯众等为主的3个中药复方分别对小白鼠灌胃给药,后进行内毒素攻毒试验,研究不同组方对内毒素攻毒后小白鼠的保护作用。结果：方2、方5、方6对内毒素攻击所致小鼠死亡有非常显著的保护作用,尤其是方2。结论：以牡丹皮、贯众等为主,具清热解毒、活血散瘀、凉血止血功能的复方中药具有极显著的体内抗内毒素作用,可望为猪高热综合征的预防和治疗提供新的途经。     

归芪甘草汤对小鼠免疫功能的影响

为研究归芪甘草汤对小鼠免疫功能的影响,该药液由黄芪、当归、炙甘草、熟地和党参组成,经传统水煎法获得浓度为1 g/mL药液;以环磷酰胺诱导建立小鼠免疫抑制模型,培健康小鼠和免疫抑制小鼠灌服药液;在试验第15天,应用流式细胞技术、溶血素测定法和腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能测定法,检测复方中药对小鼠T淋巴细胞亚群(CD4、CD8)、IgM和腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响.结果显示对免疫抑制小鼠,灌服药液和灌服蒸馏水小鼠相比较,CD4+/CD8+、IgM、吞噬功能百分率和吞噬指数差异极显著(P＜0 01);对健康小鼠,灌服药液和灌服蒸馏水小鼠相比较,CD4+ /CD8+比值差异不显著(P＞0.05),IgM值和吞噬百分率差异显著(P＜0.05),吞噬指数差异极显著(P＜0.01).表明归芪甘草汤具有增强昆明系小鼠免疫功能的作用,尤其是对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能增强更为显著.     

牧民定居的生态、经济和社会效益分析——以新疆昌吉市阿什里哈萨克乡为例

牧民定居工程的实施对改善牧区生态环境,加快区域经济发展、改善牧民生活发挥了一定的作用.本研究以新疆昌吉市阿什里哈萨克乡为例,运用可持续发展理论,通过理论与实证相结合的方法,对牧民定居工程的生态、经济和社会效益进行分析,阐述了牧民定居工程实施过程中存在的问题及其解决对策.     

2010年版《中华人民共和国兽药典》二部编制特色

与历版兽药典相比,2010年版《中华人民共和国兽药典》二部更加体现出了中兽药的特色,通过专属性鉴别、检测和新技术的应用,使中兽药在安全性、有效性和可控性等方面得到了极大的提高;并对中兽药鉴别、含量测定、性味与归经、用法与用量、注意事项和中药材拉丁名、拉丁学名等进行了大幅度的修订和规范。     

两种混交度的比较分析

混交度是描述混交林中树种混交程度的重要空间结构指数。由于传统混交度仅以对象木与最近邻木之间的树种异同为基础,并不考虑最近邻木之间的树种差异,不能完全反映树种的空间隔离程度。本文在传统混交度的基础上,提出一种新的混交度即树种多样性混交度。通过比较,树种多样性混交度更能反映树种相互隔离程度,是一个较好的林分空间结构指数。     

Traditional agroforestry practices in Zimbabwe

Traditional agroforestry systems in the communal areas of Zimbabwe are described. There are systems centered on main fields, on home gardens, on homesites and on grazing areas. In the main fields, the major tree-related management practice is the conservation of preferred indigenous fruit trees. Fruit trees are also the focus of forestry activities around the gardens and the homesite; but here it is the planting of exotic species. In a localized area of Zimbabwe Acacia albida is important in fields. There is almost no use of tree fallows in Zimbabwe. Trees in grazing areas have numerous roles, but at present there is little knowledge about traditional management practices in these areas. In the development of agroforestry systems in Zimbabwe it is suggested that those systems designed to improve fodder production will make a significant contribution to farm productivity because of the importance of cattle in the farming system and the present fodder shortage. Interventions involving the planting of fruit trees are likely to be very successful, as there is much interest in such planting. Another area that needs to be developed is that of tree plantings to improve soil fertility.     

Intestinal absorption of forsythoside A in different compositions of Shuang-Huang-Lian

Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL), a traditional Chinese formula containing Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJF), Scutellariae radix (SR) and Forsythiae fructus (FF), is commonly used to treat acute upper respiratory tract infection, acute bronchitis and light pneumonia. Forsythoside A is one of the main active ingredients in Forsythiae fructus, a key herb in SHL. In the present study, effects of different compositions in SHL on the intestinal absorption of forsythoside A were investigated. The observations from in situ intestinal circulation model showed that A/%(h^− 1) of forsythoside A in FF + LSF, FF + SR and SHL were all reduced greatly compared with that in FF. However, in pharmacokinetics study, C_max and AUC_0 → 1440 of forsythoside A all increased and T_1/2 prolonged in SHL, FF + LJF and FF + SR compared with FF. The results indicated that the different compositions of SHL decreased absorption but increased bioavailability of forsythoside A, which may be related to its metabolism inhibited in intestine or liver.     

云南怒江峡谷民居与森林资源可持续利用

在云南怒江峡谷贡山和福贡2县,通过对传统民居结构和材料的调查,将民居按屋顶、墙体和地板进行分类的基础上;对其中主要民居类型的民用材消耗量及民居结构导致的薪材消耗量进行了估算,表明传统民居的用材选择和建筑结构是决定当地森林资源消耗方式和数量的主导因素。因此,在科学保护传统民居文化的前提下,通过推广节材民居类型,改良现有建筑结构,降低民用材和薪材消耗;同时加强集体林、自留山森林资源管理,增加森林蓄积量,最终实现森林资源可持续利用。     

指数平滑法在公路软土地基沉降预测中的应用

运用指数平滑法分析计算公路软土地基沉降量,并对下一时间段的沉降量进行预测.结合哈尔滨绕城高速公路西段软基沉降观测数据,证明了指数平滑法预测软基沉降量的实用性.     

浅谈工程造价的预结算审核

工程造价的预结算审核是合理确定工程造价的必要程序及重要手段.本文从工程造价中存在的问题,工程造价审核的内容、方法等三个方面论述了工程造价及其预结算的审核工作过程.